Road to independence
The terrible situation of Turkey stimulated patriots. In May 1919 r. The Greeks landed in the area of Izmir with the intention of attaching the lands granted to them. This was accompanied by the bloody pogroms of the Muslim population. The guerrilla subordinated in the occupied areas began to organize. Committees to Defense of Rights. Nineteenth of May 1919 r. to the port of Samsuna, he was intended to fight Mustafa Kemal with the intention of fighting the invaders, A newly appointed head of the 3rd Army Inspectorate covering Eastern Anatolia. This is how the liberation war began.
Immediately after arriving at Samsunu, Atatku said obedience to the power in Istanbul and led with Kazim Pasy to organize for a long time to organize the Congress of the Congress of the Association of Eastern Rights Anatolia. Its continuation on a national scale was the exit in Sivas, which took place in the same year. Delegates at that time established the Association for the Defense of National Rights Anatolia and Rumelia, Thus considering the representation of the nation. Established Representative Committee, that is, the germ of the future government, He moved from Sivas to Ankara. Its basic postulate was the creation of Turkey within national borders. They began to negotiate with Istanbul, As a result, the parliamentary elections were held there. It turned out, that it was controlled by the committeers of the committee, which the occupiers didn't like, Because the freshly selected room adopted the so -called. National pact, talking about the sovereignty of the Ottoman state. As a result of immediate repression, it was created in Ankara, in April 1920 r "Great National Assembly, whose chairman was Mustafa Kemal. War operations began; in the West, the Greeks were fought, and in the south with the French and Italians. From the east, the rebels were secured by a pact with the recently created Soviet Russia, struggling at the same time with foreign intervention. As soon as the war for Russia ended and the losing war with Poland, The Soviets began to help Turkey to cleanse Anatolia from foreign troops. Both rubles were delivered, gold, as well as weapons with ammunition.
The war with the occupiers lasted to 11 October 1922 r., When in Mudanya (Port on the sea of Marmara, near the dormitory) A weapon suspension was signed. Just over a month later a peace conference began in Lausanne and at the same time the Sultanate was lifted in Turkey, To make it clear, who has a ticket to represent this country on the international arena. Peace treaty, signed in July 1923 r., He granted Turkey full sovereignty, He returned her Traja with Edime and endured the Allied control of both straits. In addition, the exchange of population was adopted – Over a million Greeks were resettled to Greece, and half a million Turks left the Greek areas, to permanently settle in Turkey. It was the first mass organized in history (on such a scale) resettlement of population serving as a model in terms of German population in the new lands of Poland after World War II.