Fundamentals and perspectives of foreign policy

Country, which the legislative Sejm left its successor, counting 384 000 km2 z [27,1] millions of population, what was the native Poles 69%, other nationalities 31%. He wasn't such an anomaly creation, nor in the Slavic world, where the Czechs were in their republic [50%], nor in the other Europe, where the English, French, The Dutch, Belgians, Italians controlled the huge colonies. He had the right to remember the Pole with a mountain of a million compatriots remaining in the Reich, with a mountain of a million missing in Russia, A million fallen for someone else's case in the partitioning armies, countless masses of the devastated from 1772 r. It was still about it, how to keep the position in the world, How to respond to the main partners of European policy. The partners were victorious powers, i.e.. France, England and Italy, beaten Germans, Soviet Russia, and in the second row, But in the immediate vicinity of the Little Entente and the Baltic nations.

France consciously and voluntarily did the most to resurrect Poland, because she needed her against the Germans. She devoted her interests only in Cieszyn Silesia for the Czechs, temporarily in the Vilnius region – for Russia. England helped involuntarily and tried to make up for this help later. In a natural consequence in [February] 1921 r. During Piłsudski's stay in Paris, they were arranged, and only then 19 November [1921 r.] A covenant act with France was signed, which came into force after the conclusion of a trade treaty 27 June 1922 r. [date of entry into force – The contract was signed 3 mark 1922 r.]. In addition to mutual armed assistance in the event of attacking contractors by anyone, they undertook to communicate in important politics, especially in Central and Eastern Europe. It was difficult not to go to the French in economic matters, However, you can't see, what important considerations have crossed cooperation from the beginning of the small Entente. It is concluded with Romania (for the same Ministry of Eustachy Sapieha) covenant 3 mark 1921 r. It was also a natural relationship against Russian recovery; The bridge between the mouth of the Vistula and the Danube could seriously serve both countries incumbent towards Western culture, as the Baltic-Czarzyork trade route. This area would also have great strategic importance, if it were expanded towards Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Well, with the Czech Republic, relations remained cold after their robbery at Cieszyn. The Poles too well remembered the hostile attitude of Czech socialists before the "miracle of the Vistula" and insisted strongly with the ethnographic principles, When it went on 140 000 compatriots behind Olza, and about the picturesque Jaworzyna in the Tatra Mountains, Although they themselves spread with ethnography in the east. Czech, Even the most -worshios like Masaryk and Benesz, They could not understand the essence of Polish-Russian relations and took gravity to Russia after their opponent.. Holding the cornering Ruthenia, they questioned Polish rights to Eastern Lesser Poland. Yes, from their pursuit of a common border with Russia and from Polish pursuit of a common border with Hungary, antagonism for both nations was destroyed, desirable for Germany, but in a way and for Russia, and the French diplomacy tried in vain to alleviate it.

The vast majority of Poles with this antagonism had nothing to do, Like the deverse retreat of Polishness from distant Eastern Borderlands. The less who knew about the tendencies of Soviet Russia, he wanted a peaceful neighborhood with her., Although commercial exchange went a turtle step. However, nobody, It seems, from Polish politicians cannot be blamed for it, that the Commonwealth was economically associated with Germany, and isolated from Russia.

For a series of years, As long as the Entente's army stood over the Rhine, And Russia was absorbed in the internal reconstruction of the sky over Poland was calm. Ufano – some harder, others less, that the League of Nations, faithful to the ideas of Wilson (Although disappearing by his compatriots) will discharge all opposites, will find slices for all wounds and will not spoil, but, yes, He will improve PowerSal's order in Europe. Poles were agreed at that time in the pursuit of strengthening cooperation with the Baltic States, Although one, Like Piłsudski, They understood this cooperation politically and military, Others were for cultural and economic rapprochement. It was underestimated in Lithuania Kaunas, Or maybe in Poland and in Scandinavia threats, which hung over this area from the heirs of the Teutonic Knights and Piotr the Great.