Józef Wybicki
Dąbrowski's mazurek
Józef Wybicki (1747-1822) He was an active activist during the four -year Sejm, co -founder of the Constitution 3 house, participant in the Kościuszko Uprising. After the loss of independence by Poland, he was in exile, He co -founded Polish Legions in Italy. He later co -organized the authorities of the Duchy of Warsaw, In the Congress Kingdom he was the president of the Supreme Court. Author of numerous political works, poems, dramas, diaries.
Polish Legions – Polish troops in the years 1797-1801 in the French service, created in Italy by general J. H. Dąbrowski. After many battles, their personal condition decreased to less than a thousand soldiers, from which French units were formed and sent to San Domingo, where the vast majority of former legionnaires died.
Wybicki wrote Song of the Polish Legions in Włosch w 1797 year. In July this year it was sung, Using a folk melody similar to Mazurek, During the solemn farewell to the legionaries leaving the city of Reggio. The song looked slightly different than today's Mazurka Dąbrowski: It had a different beginning, System of stanzas, she had two more stanzas. The song has gained great popularity, In the country, he was propagated by Polish soldiers fighting alongside Napoleon, During the November Uprising (1831) He was recognized as national anthem, w 1927 year he stayed state anthem.
Dąbrowski's mazurek, saturated with optimism and faith in Poland regaining independence, refers to known events from the history of our country: great victories of Hetman Czarniecki over the Swedes, Kościuszko Uprising, memorable battle at Racławice:
Like Czarniecki to Poznań p
About the Swedish partition,
For the homeland of saving
I will come back through the sea.
Czarniecki, Kościuszko are examples of patriotic attitude. General Henryk Dąbrowski is also in the poem, like a Pole, However, an example of the victorious implementation of Napoleon Bonaparte plans, from which wars at the beginning of the 19th century Poles combined hopes for regaining independence. Dąbrowski has, Accompanying Napoleon's armies, bring legionnaires to free Poland, He is directed to the chorus of the chorus spoken by the Legion's soldiers:
March, march, Dąbrowski,
From Italian land to Poland.
Behind your cable
Connectors with the nation.
Poland exists, Although there is no country, because the nation is underway – It is considered, that Mazurek initiated such, modern then, Understanding the national case, which became common in the nineteenth century. The whole song is saturated with hope, faith in the success of a patriotic mission, The revival of the homeland thanks to the soldier's act. Legionaries will win freedom, they even undertake to do so: What foreign violence took us, We will pick up the saber.
This very rhythmic patriotic song consists of four verses (They all have four verses) interspersed with a chorus. The first and third verses of the verses were written by an octopus, The second and fourth have six syllables, while the chorus, About a marching rhythm, has a more diverse construction. In the song we find even rhymes, accurate, feminine – interwoven in verses (Abab), In the chorus adjacent (AABB). Compared to the first version of the text, the language of the song was slightly modernized.