Last name: Dżugaszwili
Name/names: Iosif Wissarionowicz
Also known as: Stalin, Its, Koba, Gruz. Ioseb Jughashvili
Born: 18 December 1878 (Gori, Georgia)
Died: 5 March 1953 (Moscow, Russia)
Category: Literature / Policy
In short: Secretary General of the CPSU, dictator.
Josif Wissarionowicz Dżugaszwili (Also known as Stalin (ros. Stalin) – ur. 18 December 1878 (Some sources give the date 21 December 1879 And on this day his birthday is celebrated in Russia), Son of the Wissarion shoemaker and Washerin Washerine (Catherine).
He was a weak and sick child, often beaten by the father. Due to the beating, he suffered a hand injury in his elbow, which was shorter. From 1888 The year Stalin attended the parish school in Gori, and from 1894 year he was educated at the seminary in Tbilisi, from where at the age of 20 has been removed (for Marxist activities). From his youth he was a boastful man, Memorial and vindictive. He learned very well (Some point to his extraordinary memory). In his youth he wrote poems. Seven of them were published in the magazine Iweria. In year 1907 – so, When Stalin was already a professional revolutionary – One of his poems was published in the choice of the best Georgian poetry.
After removing from the seminar, Stalin was employed in a low -paid post of accountant at the Astronomical Observatory in Tbilisi. At that time, he was already conducting party activities (also called revolutionary) in the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Russia (SDPRR). He interrupted his work in the year 1901, because he began to hide. In the years 1901–1902 he was a member of the party committee in Tbilisi and Batumi, at the second Congress of SDPRR (1903) He entered the Bolshevik faction. He participated in the events (revolution) 1905 year. He was a delegate of the 1st SDPRR conference in Tammerorsa and the 4th and 5th Congress (1906 i 1907 year), in the years 1907-1908 - a member of the Bakin Party Committee. It was a plan skect spp sprll, After the 6th Prague All -Russian conference (1912 year) He was co -opted to the Central Committee and the Russian Central Committee Office.
Co -organizer of the Bolshevik armed coup and the October Revolution. In the years 1917–22 People's Commissioner for National, and from 1919 a year also of state control. In June 1922 year in connection with Lenin's disease elected secretary of the Communist Party General, becoming the actual leader of the party and the state. After subordinating the security apparatus (GPU, NKVD) He aimed at dictatorial power and elimination of rivals. Subordinated the Soviet policy of his own vision of the inevitability of the world conflict. From 1928 The program began to push the program of accelerated collectivization and industrialization of the USSR, whose implementation was accompanied by a hunger defeat (It consumed millions of victims) and mass crimes and repression. After bringing to the alliance with the Third Reich, he gave the order to start the invasion of Poland 17 September 1939 year, and then the deportation of some of the inhabitants deep into the USSR. Responsible for the murder of Polish officers in Katyn. After the German assault on the USSR, the commander of the armed forces (After initial failures on the front, he stopped interfering with the command). Participant in the conference in Tehran (1943), Yalta and Potsdam (1945), he had a decisive influence on their course and results (m.in. The matter of Poland's borders). After the war, he continued to pursue the policy of absolute terror in the USSR (m.in. deportations of entire nations – Chechens, Inguszów, Tatars, to Siberia and Kazakhstan). Initiator to impose Central and Eastern European countries (also Poland) Soviet political model and ideological dependence, political and economic from the USSR. Recognized by the American weekly Time for the man of the year in 1942. His name was named, among others. Palace of Culture and Science in Warsaw. He died suddenly 5 mark 1953 year. Closer to the circumstances of his death remain unexplained, Probably for a blood stroke to the brain.
Józef Stalin is widely seen as one of the greatest tyrants in the history of Russia and the world. Today it is supplied, that he had a paranoid attitude towards himself, That's possible, that he was affected by psychopathy.