Last name: Socrates
Name/names:
Also known as: gr. Socrates
Born: 469 p.n.e. ()
Died: 399 p.n.e. ()
Category: Literature / Science.
Socrates – 469-399 p.n.e; Greek philosopher; Son of the sculptor Sofroniskos and Fainete; wife of the xanthus, He had three sons.
He lived in Athens, where he taught by leading disputes with random passers -by on the streets of the city, acquiring enemies and friends. Aged 70 years he was accused of godlessness and spoilage of young people. He was sentenced to death, which was then the drinking of the ticks. His last moments are described by his greatest student, Platona, in dialogue “Fedon”. However, it is not entirely clear, to what extent it is literary fiction. The oracle announced in the dolfs, that he is the smartest man in the world, Although Socrates considered, that How, that he knows nothing
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Socrates was a historical figure, but he did not leave any letters. Only, what we know about him, This is the student relationships: Platona I Ksenofonta, a także przekazy Arystotelesa, Arystofanesa i historyków greckich. Socrates students differed in many matters, and in their writings Socrates often appears as a rhetorical authority, the author's views. However, despite the disputed issues, certain views are considered to be Socratic.
Traditionally, Socrates is as an enemy of democracy, Pointing to his criticism of the Athens reality and people managing the affairs of the state, and also on the fact, that his students were well -known enemies of the democratic system (np. Alkibiades, Plato).The political chaos and the crisis of Athenian statehood in the period just after the end of the Peloponian war became the cause of the trial brought to Socrates and his death (did not take advantage of the possibility of the prepared escape, but, citing the seriousness of the Athenian rights, he took the poison). Skillful propagandists from the aristocratic camp (Plato, Xenofont) They then used it in their anti -democratic campaign.
Socrates first used induction reasoning, and also determined the methodological conditions of the definition.